Bert sanderson



N. PETERS. PHofO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON, D (I4 @nitro tetes ROBERT SANDERSON, 0F CLEVELAND, HIO.

Letters Paten-t No. 80,509, detect July 28, I1858.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM our-ors VALVES.

(diluir Silnhnli ,tifonet tu iii ilgisi ittits @tout mit limiting ont it tin stime.

TO ALL vWHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it vknown that I, ROBERT SfiNDnnsoN, of Cleveland, in tlie county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and `useful Improvements in Steam Cut-Oil` Valves; and I do hereby declare that the following isafull andeomplete description ot' the same,A reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making apart of this specification, in which- '4 i Figure 1 is aside view ofthe apparatus. Figure 2 is a. vertical transverse section. Figure 3 is a view ofthe top. A Figure 4 is a detached view of the valve. Figure 5 is a section, to which reference will be mode.,

Like letters of reference refer to like 'parts in the several views. v

A, iig. 1, is a cylindriczil chamber or shell, in which is Ilitted a valve-seat, B, 'gl, which is also cylindrical in shape, and forms the lower part of the apparatus, thronghwhich the `steunn escapesv through the eductionpipe C tothe'cylindeigas will hereafter be shown. This 'vclvc;seat, as will be seen, is hollow, and in the sides of which are cut horizontal circular openings or induction-ports, D, more or loss in number, three being shown in` the drawing.` v l ""D, iig. 2,`is the valve, which is also hollow, and` cylindrical in shape, und in the sidesbi' which arc out Horizontal c ircular openings or induction-ports, E,`correspondng in'iiumber and size to the ports l), and with which.tliey aretrelaited, as and forthe purpose hereafter described.` Y

1 l Thevalvc, when closed and :it rest-,fas shown'in fig. '2, is supported on the shoulders of the'seat :it ci, the sectioii.ot` the'seiit immediately enclosing the valve being-made somewhat larger than the lower section, thereby relieving the valvefstemfrom the weight of the' valve when not in operation.

F is the valve-stem alluded to, the upper end of which penetrates the centre of the valve land thereto secured, whereiisthe lower. 0nd plnys in a. Stirling-box, G, and 'to the extremity is attached afiiction-roller, H. I is ajointed horizontal lever. The 'roundedA end, J, is fitted to and works reciprocally in the stay K, by

meanslof' the eccentric to which it'is attached :ind operated, whereas the opposite `:end works verticnllyin the slot-ted stay'A, bymcans of the governor., to which it'is connected by the link B. v

Hoving thus described the construction :ind arrangement of the apparatus, the practical operation ofthe .same is :is follows, viz: i

` Til@ Valve, Ollbeing placed in proper position with the lover I, is then connected to the eccentric, and thc link B to the governor. Steam is then admitted through the top of the apparatus at C', therefrom entering the space Ii, fig. 2above the covenE of' the vulire-seatythence down around the sent, filling the space c,

between the' walls ofthe valve-scat andrshell A.

As above sniid, the valve is shown as being` closed. Now, as the leccentric reciprocates thc'jointed lever I, the result will be that, `as the lever. is moved to the left, in direction of the arrow, the friction-wheels H H', iuipingiiig upon euch other, will throw up th valve, and thereby bring the ports E of the lever in open relation to therports D oi' the seat through which stenm passes to the interior ofthe valve, from which it escapes through the lower section 'ofv the sect unil pipe C tothe cylinder. 4 'lhe roller H', on having passed the centre of roller H, or the vertical axis of the vulve, will begin immediately to descend, in coiiscqucnoc oi' own weight, and the pressure of steam exerted upon it, and, when arrived to the opposite side, anilmassuincs the simcrclative position to the roller that it now holds, the valve will have dcicezidcd und closed the ports, its indicated, and so, Von the reverse action or direction of the lever,

the vulve will .be opened and immediately closed, as before opened bythe direct action of the lever from below,

and close-'l by' the pressure oi' the steam exerted upon the valve from above. Y

The openingr and closing of the valve, as thus described, represents the lever as being in a horizontal position; hence, the throw ofthe valve will be uniform under everydegree of pressure of steam; but in order to regulate the throw of thevalve to a variable pressure, the lever is connected to the governor bythe link B', as above said; hence, under a low head of steam, the contraction of the governor will cause the lever to rise and open the valve more or less, by shortening up the distance that the valve can descend, thereby keeping open the ports, or closing them, as the expansion or contraction of the governor may determine, thereby regulating to thenicest and most exact degree the admission of steam under the most variable pressure, thus establishing a uniformity to the-movements of the engine. A,

I am aware that a reciprocating cylindrical valve has been used in construction analogous to this, but the valve alluded to has been operated from above, having anl immediate or direct connection with the governor, which moved the valve in both directions. Said valve also had but one steam-opening or port of large dimensions, the arca of which being equal to the full capacity of the cylinder-port, which requiredsthat the valve should traverse a long distance in order to open and close. The valve, in consequence of being thus operated by the governor, and the long distance it had to traverse, was not immediate and certain in its operation, hence was not reliable.

In order to avoid this difficulty, and cause the valve to act more immediately and with greater certainty, I have increased the number of ports in the valve, reducing their vertical-width, and, by this increased number,

' still obtain the same area and capacity of port, with a great reduction in the traverse of the valve, and being operated in one direction by the direct pressure of the steam, a more immediate actionof the valve is obtained, and with greater certainty of purpose.

Fig. 5 is a modification of the lever I and rollers for operating the valve, which consists of a bar, L, to.l

which is pivoted a lever, M. To the lower end ot the lever is pivoted a rod, N, connecting with the eccentric.

IThe upper end of the lever, as it is madeto vibrate by the eccentric, acts upon the friction-roller, and thereby operates the valve, as does the roller and jointed lever above described.

It will be observed that the stays, K and A', are attached to the valve by a collar, P, fitted loosely, so that the lever may be turned in any direction to adapt it to the governor and eccentric.

The cam G', iig. 2, is for the purpose of regulating the throw of the lever, in case of accidental disturbance.,

Thus, on bringing the greatest radial distance of the cam downward towards the lever, the less willbe the vertical play of the lever and valve, and so, on lessening the throw to the minimum of the shortest radial distance, the greater will be the throw. While running the engine, the cam is left with its shortest radial distance downward, which will allow the throwof the valve to besuflicient to close thc ports on being thrown upward, and thereby shut off the steam, should the governor, by any accident, become deranged,'so as to cause an upward movement ofthe lever, which, if the portswere not thus closed, a full open port would be the consequence, admitting a full volume of steam, to the great danger of breaking th'e engine by its 'accelerated speed; .and so, on starting the engine, should the valve be closed, it canl be opened by means of lthe cam depressing the lever, and allow. the descent of the valve. i

rvIt will be observed that the lower edge of the valve is notched, so that when it isresting upon the shoulder a', steam is admitted under the edge, thereby couuteraeting the pressure of the steam exerted upon the valve from above, so that, on iii-st starting the valve, it can bemoved with greater case than if no pressure were exerted o'n the lower edge.

What I claim as my improvement,.and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The arrangement of the ports or openings D andnotches a, inthe manner as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The pivoted lever I and roller H', as arranged' in combination with the roller II and valve D', in the manner set forth.

3. The cam G', as arranged in relation to the Il'cver I, as specified.

' i ROBERT SANDERSON. 

